{"id":2017,"date":"2025-06-12T19:40:32","date_gmt":"2025-06-12T19:40:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wartours.in.ua\/?p=2017"},"modified":"2025-06-12T19:44:26","modified_gmt":"2025-06-12T19:44:26","slug":"co-wojna-robi-z-ukrainskimi-dziecmi-dorastajacymi-w-schronach-przeciwbombowych","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wartours.in.ua\/pl\/2025\/06\/12\/what-war-does-to-children-ukrainian-kids-growing-up-in-bomb-shelters\/","title":{"rendered":"Co wojna robi z dzie\u0107mi: ukrai\u0144skie dzieci dorastaj\u0105ce w schronach przeciwbombowych"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Gdy w lutym 2022 r. w ukrai\u0144skich miastach rozleg\u0142y si\u0119 pierwsze eksplozje, miliony dzieci straci\u0142y nie tylko swoje domy, ale tak\u017ce poczucie bezpiecze\u0144stwa. Dzi\u015b, ponad trzy lata po pe\u0142noskalowej inwazji Rosji, dzieci na Ukrainie dorastaj\u0105 nie z placami zabaw i kresk\u00f3wkami, ale z syrenami alarmowymi, betonowymi schronami i odleg\u0142ymi odg\u0142osami artylerii.<\/p>

Wed\u0142ug UNICEF-u ponad 1,5 miliona ukrai\u0144skich dzieci<\/strong> zostali przesiedleni od pocz\u0105tku wojny. Tysi\u0105ce z nich mieszka teraz na linii frontu, gdzie codzienne zagro\u017cenia rakietowe uniemo\u017cliwiaj\u0105 konwencjonaln\u0105 edukacj\u0119. Ale nawet w najciemniejszych okoliczno\u015bciach ukrai\u0144skie spo\u0142ecze\u0144stwo znalaz\u0142o sposoby na dostosowanie si\u0119, ochron\u0119 i edukacj\u0119 swoich najm\u0142odszych obywateli \u2014 czasami w ukryciu.<\/p>

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Podziemne klasy, nadziemne marzenia<\/h3>

W Charkowie, mie\u015bcie po\u0142o\u017conym zaledwie 40 kilometr\u00f3w od granicy z Rosj\u0105, niekt\u00f3re z najbardziej niezwyk\u0142ych innowacji w edukacji wojennej dziej\u0105 si\u0119 pod powierzchni\u0105. Dos\u0142ownie.<\/p>

\u201eTo nasz drugi rok szkolny w metrze\u201d \u2013 m\u00f3wi Olena Turczyn<\/strong>, 12-letnia uczennica ucz\u0119szczaj\u0105ca na zaj\u0119cia w przebudowanej stacji metra. Jej prowizoryczna klasa jest wype\u0142niona biurkami, tablicami i kolorowymi plakatami \u2014 wszystko pod ziemi\u0105. \u201eCzujemy si\u0119 tu bezpieczniej, a nawet mamy prawdziwych nauczycieli\u201d.<\/p>

Charkowski projekt metra szkolnego, koordynowany przez w\u0142adze lokalne i wolontariuszy, oferuje formaln\u0105 edukacj\u0119 setkom dzieci, kt\u00f3re nie mog\u0105 ucz\u0119szcza\u0107 do szk\u00f3\u0142 naziemnych z powodu ci\u0105g\u0142ych ostrza\u0142\u00f3w. Program, wspierany przez Ministerstwo Edukacji i UNICEF, obejmuje ustrukturyzowany program nauczania, wsparcie psychospo\u0142eczne, a nawet zaj\u0119cia sportowe \u2014 dostosowane do ciasnych warunk\u00f3w.<\/p>

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Terapia przez sztuk\u0119 w obliczu nalot\u00f3w<\/h3>

Dzieci nie ucz\u0105 si\u0119 tylko matematyki i gramatyki w ukryciu. Maluj\u0105, \u015bpiewaj\u0105 i przetwarzaj\u0105 traum\u0119 poprzez sztuk\u0119.<\/p>

W Dnieprze i Zaporo\u017cu mobilne zespo\u0142y psycholog\u00f3w stosuj\u0105 terapi\u0119 przez sztuk\u0119, aby pom\u00f3c dzieciom wyrazi\u0107 to, czego nie potrafi\u0105 powiedzie\u0107 na g\u0142os. Dziesi\u0119ciolatka Marko<\/strong>, kt\u00f3ry sp\u0119dzi\u0142 trzy tygodnie uwi\u0119ziony w piwnicy podczas nalotu w Awdijiwce, teraz rysuje sw\u00f3j \u201edom bez dachu\u201d i \u201e\u017co\u0142nierza, kt\u00f3ry uratowa\u0142 moj\u0105 mam\u0119\u201d.<\/p>

\u201eNie mo\u017cemy wymaza\u0107 wojny z ich pami\u0119ci\u201d \u2013 m\u00f3wi Larysa Holub<\/strong>, psycholog traumy ze Lwowa. \u201eAle mo\u017cemy da\u0107 im narz\u0119dzia, aby sobie z tym poradzili, aby to zrozumieli\u201d.<\/p>

Te dzia\u0142ania s\u0105 r\u00f3wnie\u017c cyfrowe. Ukraina uruchomi\u0142a \u201eSzko\u0142a bez \u015bcian\u201d<\/strong>, krajowa platforma do nauki zdalnej, kt\u00f3ra obejmuje obecnie ponad 300 000 uczni\u00f3w. Lekcje s\u0105 nagrywane z prawdziwych klas, transmitowane w telewizji krajowej i dystrybuowane za po\u015brednictwem YouTube i Telegram. Nawet dzieci na okupowanych terytoriach uzyskuj\u0105 do nich dost\u0119p w tajemnicy za po\u015brednictwem sieci VPN.<\/p>

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G\u0142osy z cienia<\/h3>

W wywiadach zebranych przez agencj\u0119 Reuters, BBC i niezale\u017cnych ukrai\u0144skich dziennikarzy, dzieci dziel\u0105 si\u0119 fragmentami wojny, kt\u00f3rych \u017cadne dziecko nie powinno nigdy pozna\u0107:<\/p>

  • \u201eTeraz po d\u017awi\u0119ku potrafi\u0119 stwierdzi\u0107, czy to dron, czy rakieta\u201d \u2013 m\u00f3wi 13-latek Sofia<\/strong> z Miko\u0142ajowa.<\/p><\/li>

  • \u201eZrobili\u015bmy sobie gr\u0119 z biegania do schroniska. Zawsze staram si\u0119 by\u0107 pierwsza\u201d \u2013 m\u00f3wi 9-latka Danylo<\/strong> z Sum.<\/p><\/li>

  • \u201eMoja m\u0142odsza siostra ju\u017c nie m\u00f3wi. Za ka\u017cdym razem, gdy wyje syrena, zakrywa sobie uszy\u201d \u2013 m\u00f3wi Irina<\/strong>, 15.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>

    Ich zeznania maluj\u0105 surowy portret: odporno\u015bci, ale tak\u017ce koszt\u00f3w. Psychologiczne blizny mog\u0105 pozosta\u0107 d\u0142ugo po zako\u0144czeniu wojny.<\/p>

    <\/div>

    \u015awiat nie mo\u017ce odwraca\u0107 wzroku<\/h3>

    Dzieci Ukrainy nie s\u0105 tylko ofiarami tej wojny. S\u0105 ocala\u0142ymi, studentami, poetami, bra\u0107mi, siostrami, marzycielami. S\u0105 tak\u017ce kolejnym pokoleniem Ukrai\u0144c\u00f3w, kt\u00f3rzy odbuduj\u0105 zraniony nar\u00f3d.<\/p>

    Mi\u0119dzynarodowe wsparcie jest niezb\u0119dne nie tylko do wygrania wojny, ale tak\u017ce do ochrony jej najm\u0142odszego pokolenia przed traum\u0105 trwaj\u0105c\u0105 ca\u0142e \u017cycie. Edukacja, schronienie i opieka psychologiczna nie s\u0105 ju\u017c luksusami \u2014 s\u0105 liniami ratunkowymi.<\/p>

    Mimo \u017ce spadaj\u0105 bomby, Ukraina nadal uczy swoje dzieci nie tylko tego, jak przetrwa\u0107, ale tak\u017ce jak \u017cy\u0107.<\/p>

    <\/div>

    Je\u015bli chcesz pom\u00f3c:<\/strong> Rozwa\u017c wsparcie zweryfikowanych inicjatyw, takich jak Voices of Children (voices.org.ua) lub UNICEF Ukraina. Albo odwied\u017a Ukrain\u0119 osobi\u015bcie, aby si\u0119 uczy\u0107, by\u0107 \u015bwiadkiem i dzieli\u0107 si\u0119 prawd\u0105.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    When the first explosions rang out across Ukrainian cities in February 2022, millions of children lost not only their homes but their […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2022,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1256,1270,1259,1277,1254,1275,1276,1267,1279,547,1260,1262,1268,1265,1263,1271,1258,1261,1273,1255,813,1278,1272,275,1257,1274,1264,1269,1266,326],"class_list":["post-2017","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-visitukraine","tag-bomb-shelters-ukraine","tag-child-psychology-war","tag-child-refugees-ukraine","tag-children-frontline-ukraine","tag-children-in-war","tag-civilian-life-war-ukraine","tag-coping-with-war-trauma","tag-education-during-war","tag-emotional-resilience-war","tag-humanitarian-crisis-ukraine","tag-kharkiv-metro-school","tag-kids-in-conflict-zones","tag-mental-health-ukraine","tag-russia-ukraine-war-impact","tag-school-without-walls-ukraine","tag-shelter-school-ukraine","tag-trauma-of-war","tag-ukraine-art-therapy","tag-ukraine-digital-learning","tag-ukraine-education-war","tag-ukraine-war-stories","tag-ukrainian-innovation-education","tag-ukrainian-kids-wartime","tag-ukrainian-resilience","tag-ukrainian-school-underground","tag-underground-schools","tag-unicef-ukraine-war","tag-war-and-childhood","tag-war-trauma-children","tag-war-in-ukraine"],"yoast_head":"\nWhat War Does to Children: Ukrainian Kids Growing Up in Bomb Shelters - 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